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Topics
Data & Maps
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Resource Library
Income & Poverty Working Papers
Income & Poverty Working Papers
Working papers are intended to make results of Census Bureau research available to others and to encourage discussion on a variety of topics. They have not undergone a review and editorial process generally accorded official Census Bureau publications.
View the list of working paper topics.
View the list of working papers by year.
Working Paper
Family Pies: Effects of Family Resource Shares in Childhood
Effects of birth order on various outcomes have been extensively studied in both life sciences and social sciences.
Working Paper
Methods and Assumptions of the CPS ASEC Tax Model
This paper details the methods and assumptions of the CPS ASEC Tax Model.
Working Paper
The Impact of the 2021 Expanded Child Tax Credit on Child Poverty
This paper examines the impact of the expanded Child Tax Credit on child poverty.
Working Paper
SNAP Receipt in SIPP: Using Administrative Records to Evaluate Data Quality
This conference paper examines SNAP survey data quality using the 2014-2020 SIPP data linked to select state-level administrative records.
Working Paper
The Retirement Income of the Prime Working Aged
This conference paper examines early pension and retirement account withdrawals using SIPP linked to administrative records.
Working Paper
School Lunch and P-EBT Valuation in the 2021 SPM
This paper describes the updated method for calculating and assigning school lunch values in the 2021 SPM.
Working Paper
Unbanked and Impoverished? Exploring Banking and Poverty Interactions
Using three leading household surveys, this paper documents how the interaction
between bank access and poverty has evolved over time.
Working Paper
Effects of 2020 Census-Based Population Controls on 2020 Estimates
This paper demonstrates the effect of using the 2020 Census-based population controls on the 2020 data by presenting key estimates using both the 2010 and 2020
Working Paper
Producing County-level MDI Rates Using Public Use Data: 2010 to 2019
This paper explains how new estimates are used to explore how county MDI rates differed throughout the country and changed from 2010 through 2019.
Working Paper
Examining the Impact of Medical Expenses on Supplemental Poverty Rates
The paper examines the impact of deducting out-of-pocket medical expenses on Supplemental Poverty rates.
Working Paper
2022 ACS Content Test: Round 3 Cognitive Testing Results
This report summarizes results from Round 3 of cognitive testing, which gathered feedback from individuals in groups quarters facilities and Puerto Rico.
Working Paper
The Impact of Alternative Inflation Adjustments on CPS ASEC Income Statistics
This paper documents the implications of using chain type price indices to inflation adjust estimates of historical income and earnings statistics.
Working Paper
2022 ACS Content Test: Round 1 and Round 2 Cognitive Testing Results
This report summarizes results from two rounds of cognitive testing for the 2022 ACS Content Test.
Working Paper
Student Debt and Its Co-Occurrence with Other Types of Debt
This presentation uses a descriptive accounting of student loans and their connection to other types of debt.
Working Paper
Self-Employment Status: Imputations, Implications, and Improvements
A paper that examines the quality of self-employment imputation in Census surveys.
Working Paper
Using WIC Administrative Data to Evaluate the SPM
This paper links state administrative data on the WIC program to the CPS ASEC to assess the impact of WIC misreporting on the Supplemental Poverty Measure.
Page Last Revised - June 13, 2023
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