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Income & Poverty Working Papers

Working papers are intended to make results of Census Bureau research available to others and to encourage discussion on a variety of topics. They have not undergone a review and editorial process generally accorded official Census Bureau publications.

View the list of working paper topics.

View the list of working papers by year.


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Working Paper
Changing the Way the United States Measures Income and Poverty
The discussion in this paper covers both income measurement and poverty definition issues.


Working Paper
Work Related Expenditures in a New Measure of Poverty
This paper examines various methods of accounting for work related expenses (including child care expenses) in a new measure of poverty.


Working Paper
Work Related Expenditures in a New Measure of Poverty
This paper examines various methods of accounting for work related expenses (including child care expenses) in a new measure of poverty.


Working Paper
The Effect of the SIPP Redesign on Employment and Earnings Data
This paper describes the major changes introduced in the 1996 Panel focusing on the sections on employment status, job & employer characteristics, and earnings.


Working Paper
Developing Extended Measures of Well-Being
An attempt to systematically measure or assess the state of the population with respect to its quality of life and progress.


Working Paper
Social Security Earnings of Wives Relative to their Husbands
An extension of a previous evaluation in which the effectiveness of the methods in estimating amounts for food stamps recipiency was evaluated.


Working Paper
Evaluating the Quality of Income Data Collected in the CPS & the SIPP
A comparison of SIPP and March CPS data collection and processing procedures as a basis for comparability, highlighting main sources of nonsampling error.


Working Paper
Administrative Data as a Source of Medical Expenditures
In this paper we explore the potential of future health services administrative data systems to improve the measurement of poverty.


Working Paper
An Evaluation and Analysis of Reservation Wage Data from SIPP
The reservation wage is an important element in an individual’s decision to participate in the labor market.


Working Paper
Comparing Certain Effects of Redesign on Data from the SIPP
Identifies the incidence and estimate the magnitude of data differences between the data collected from the SIPP/CAPI and data collected by paper and pencil.


Working Paper
Compensating for Missing Wave Data in the SIPP
A major problem in obtaining accurate estimates of income and program participation from the SIPP is nonresponse.


Working Paper
Income Poverty Times Series Data from the SIPP
In 1996, SIPP will go into the field with a redesigned sample with oversampling for the low income population and with computer assisted personal interviewing.


Working Paper
Longitudinal Imputation of SIPP Food Stamp Benefits
This research examines the current and three alternative longitudinal imputation methods as applied to the SIPP item of food stamp income.


Working Paper
Program Participation and Attrition: The Empirical Evidence
In this paper, we use well-established attrition models to examine the effects of attrition on program participation and benefits received.


Working Paper
Research on Characteristics of SIPP Nonrespondents Using IRS Data
Nonresponse increases with successive interviews, causing the sample to become less representative of the population it is approximating.


Working Paper
The Effects of Special Saving Programs on Saving and Wealth
An overview of the retirement saving programs in the U.S. & a summary of the effects of these programs on the saving behavior & wealth of U.S. households.


Working Paper
Past is Prologue: Simulating Lifetime Social Security Earnings
This paper projects lifetime Social Security earnings until retirement using data from the SIPP matched to Social Security records of annual earnings.


Working Paper
Reducing the Welfare Dependence of Single-Mother Families
How do the competing interests of public and private coverage for single mothers affect these mothers' willingness to participate in the labor market?


Working Paper
The Role of Equivalence Scales in Poverty Measurement
Counting the poor is conceptually a rather simple procedure.


Working Paper
The SIPP Cognitive Research Evaluation Experiment
This paper describes the basic features of the experimental procedures,their evolution, and implementation of those procedures.

Page Last Revised - June 13, 2023
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