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Well-Being Working Papers

Working papers are intended to make results of Census Bureau research available to others and to encourage discussion on a variety of topics. They have not undergone a review and editorial process generally accorded official Census Bureau publications.

View the list of working paper topics.

View the list of working papers by year.


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Working Paper
The Use and Misuse of Income Data and Extreme Poverty
This paper examines extreme poverty in the U.S. using household surveys linked to administrative records.


Working Paper
Impact of Family Structure, Mobility, & Employment on Children
Research has found that children fare best in stable family environments where parents have stable relations, employment, and housing.


Working Paper
Program Participation and Child Well-Being
This study compares the well-being of low-income children who receive assistance from TANF and SNAP to their low-income, non-recipient counterparts.


Working Paper
The Relation of Income to Other Measures of Material Well-being
This paper builds on previous research using the SIPP to examine how income earned by household members contribute to the well-being of the household.


Working Paper
Dynamics of Disconnection
In the wake of welfare reform and the recent recession, there has been increased interest in identifying and assessing the well-being of disconnected families.


Working Paper
Creation of a Child Well-Being Index Using the SIPP
This poster describes the creation of an index of child well-being using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation.


Working Paper
Children's Coresidence with Half Siblings
A substantial proportion of children will live with half siblings during their childhood, and tend to fare worse on some measures of child well being.


Working Paper
Children's Religious Attendance and Child Well-Being
This analysis explores the role of religious attendance in relationship to parental support, school attachment and academic achievement among children.


Working Paper
Instability and its Relationship to Child Well-Being: 2003
Research suggests that major transitions in the lives of children have marked effects on children's well-being.


Working Paper
Income Poverty and Material Hardship: How Strong Is the Association?
Many have argued that “poverty” should represent more than just a shortfall of income in a given time period, as it is most often currently measured.


Working Paper
Age and Material Well-Being in the SIPP
Increasing interest has focused on new ways to measure material well-being.


Working Paper
Changes in Living Conditions and Material Well-Being in the SIPP
There has been increasing interest in finding new ways to measure people’s well being and keep track of how they are getting by.


Working Paper
Documentation of Child and Family Well-Being Measures
This document assesses the reliability and validity of several of the child and family well-being measures in the 1998 Wave of the Survey of Program Dynamics.


Working Paper
At-Risk Conditions of U.S. School-Age Children
This paper estimates the frequency of at-risk conditions for the school age population in the United States.


Working Paper
Living Conditions in Single Parent Households
The paper finds an apparent advantage of work over welfare for most households, but not for single parent households.


Working Paper
Measures of Help Available to Households in Need
This paper explores the interrelationships between expectations of support from social networks and the well being of households.


Working Paper
Direct Measures of Poverty as Indicators of Economic Need
The evidence presented here supports the use of hardship measures as a valid and useful measure of household well-being.


Working Paper
Poverty, Family Structure, and Child Well-Being
This paper assesses data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) concerning child well-being.


Working Paper
Child Well-Being Indicators From the SIPP
The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), collected in the Fall of 1994, provides analysis of child well-being in four areas.


Working Paper
Developing Extended Measures of Well-Being
An attempt to systematically measure or assess the state of the population with respect to its quality of life and progress.


Working Paper
Cognitive Research on the Household Food Consumption Survey
Cognitive testing of the list of foods used by sample households in a given 7-day period in the Nationwide Food Consumption Survey.


Working Paper
The SIPP as a Source of Data on Children and Families
The well-being of children is a topic of concern to Americans. One reason for the burgeoning interest is the growing concentration of poverty among children.


Working Paper
Alternative Estimates of Economic Well-Being by Age
This paper examines the use of income-wealth measures for the analysis of the distribution of economic well-being for age groups in the current period.


Working Paper
Longitudinal Household Concepts in SIPP: Preliminary Results
This paper reports on research carried out with SIPP to define households over time and construct associated measures of social and economic well-being.

Page Last Revised - December 16, 2021
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