JULY 17, 2025 — The U.S. Census Bureau and Opportunity Insights (a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization based at Harvard University) today released new data including credit scores, delinquency rates, credit card balances, and mortgage and student loan balances by county, race and class (parental income) for children born between 1978 and 1985. Users can explore the data on the interactive Opportunity Atlas Module 1: Neighborhood Mobility Outcomes tool.

In 2018, the Census Bureau and Opportunity Insights constructed and released the Opportunity Atlas, a comprehensive census tract-level dataset of children’s outcomes (such as poverty and incarceration) in adulthood using data covering nearly the entire U.S. population. Each tract provides estimates by parental income, race/ethnicity and sex, which allow the public to trace the roots of outcomes to the neighborhoods where children grew up. “Module 1: Neighborhood Mobility Outcomes,” the initial data release, focused on adult outcomes of children born between 1978 and 1983 at the tract level.

In 2024, the Census Bureau and Opportunity Insights released data on changes in mobility by county, birth cohort (1978-1992), race, class (parental income), and sex as well as another interactive module in the Opportunity Atlas. “Module 2: County & Metro Mobility Trends” includes an additional decade of data and allows users to explore mobility trends to better understand changes over time and within counties.

To learn more about today’s release, visit Credit Access in the United States. To learn more about “Module 2: County & Metro Mobility Trends,” refer to Changing Opportunity: Sociological Mechanisms Underlying Growing Class Gaps and Shrinking Race Gaps in Economic Mobility. To learn more about “Module 1: Neighborhood Mobility Outcomes” refer to The Opportunity Atlas: Mapping the Childhood Roots of Social Mobility.

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