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The Supplemental Demographic and Housing Characteristics File (S-DHC) provides tables that combine the characteristics of households and the people living in them. These tables supplement the data about households and people released in the 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics File (DHC).
Combining details about the structure of households and the people living in them required stronger disclosure avoidance techniques. Therefore, S-DHC tables are only available at the nation and state levels to both protect respondent confidentiality and provide quality statistics.
Subjects: Average household size and counts of people living in certain types of households:
Geographies: Nation and state, including District of Columbia and Puerto Rico.
Note: The tables marked with an asterisk (*) are also available by the following race and Hispanic origin groups: White alone; Black or African American alone; American Indian and Alaska Native alone; Asian alone; Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone; Some Other Race alone; Two or More Races; Hispanic or Latino; White alone, not Hispanic or Latino.
Each video below is accompanied by a PDF with step-by-step instructions.
Click to access national level data tables (data.census.gov):
As with all Census Bureau data products, the data in today’s release use disclosure avoidance methods to protect respondent confidentiality. To ensure that no one can link the published data to a specific person or household with certainty, the Census Bureau added “statistical noise”— small, random additions or subtractions — to the S-DHC data.
To do so, the Census Bureau used an algorithm that allows the person and housing unit data to be joined and protected together. Because linked person and household data have higher disclosure risk than either person or household data alone, the algorithm adds a disclosure avoidance step that is not applied to other 2020 Census data products to protect the confidentiality of households’ characteristics. When the count of people in an enumerated household exceeds a certain size, the Census Bureau “truncates” the household, or removes individuals at random, until the household meets the size threshold.
Additionally, for the first time, the Census Bureau will publish credible intervals alongside the estimates on data.census.gov. The credible intervals represent a range of values that contain the truncated, confidential value with 90 percent probability. The credible intervals reflect the noise infused by disclosure avoidance and the impact of statistical postprocessing but not the impact of truncation or other sources of error, such as coverage error.
What to expect with the S-DHC:
Blog: Understanding the Supplemental DHC
How disclosure avoidance protections work on the S-DHC:
Disclosure Avoidance and the Supplemental DHC: How PHSafe Works