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Income & Poverty Working Papers

Working papers are intended to make results of Census Bureau research available to others and to encourage discussion on a variety of topics. They have not undergone a review and editorial process generally accorded official Census Bureau publications.

View the list of working paper topics.

View the list of working papers by year.


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Working Paper
The Use and Misuse of Income Data and Extreme Poverty
This paper examines extreme poverty in the U.S. using household surveys linked to administrative records.


Working Paper
Poverty Dynamics: An Overview of Longitudinal Poverty Estimates
This paper describes poverty using measures with different time horizons and studies the frequency of transitions into and out of poverty in the United States.


Working Paper
What Housing Assistance Support Recipients Report
We investigate the factors that distinguish which of two alternative rent concepts ACS householders receiving HUD housing rent assistance are reporting.


Working Paper
The Administrative Income Statistics (AIS) Project: Research on the Use of Administrative Records to Improve Income and Resource Estimates
We review research on mis-reporting and non-response bias in income surveys. We discuss research needed to use administrative data to reduce these biases.


Working Paper
Examining Year to Year Poverty Changes by CPS ASEC Processing Systems
This paper compares poverty rates in 2016 and 2017 between the legacy and updated CPS ASEC processing system, examining changes by demographic and income edits.


Working Paper
Improving Estimation of Nutritional Assistance Programs in the SPM
This presentation gives an overview of potential changes to nutritional assistance programs in the SPM under consideration for 2021.


Working Paper
Do Interviewer Observation Agree with Previously Collected Survey Data
This paper explores the extent to which interviewer-generated reports of household demographic characteristics agree with previously collected survey reports.


Working Paper
Deconstructing the Digital Divide
Newly available data on broadband subscriptions from the ACS informs research on the factors that contribute to the digital divide at the county level.


Working Paper
Puerto Rican-Origin Children’s Living Arrangements
This research examines the ties among poverty, family migration and living arrangements of Puerto Rican-origin children living in PR and the US.


Working Paper
Working and poor: using the SPM to evaluate the safety net for workers
This paper explores the extent to which public safety net programs, including cash assistance and non-cash benefits, alleviate poverty among workers.


Working Paper
The Opioid Prescribing Rate and Grandparents Raising Grandchildren
This poster examines the relationship between the opioid prescribing rate and grandparents raising grandchildren.


Working Paper
Using Administrative Records to Evaluate Child Care Expense Reporting
In this poster, we link self-reported child care expenses in the CPS ASEC to CCDF child care subsidy administrative records to see how closely they align.


Working Paper
Are Bracket Responses Accurate?
This presentation assesses the accuracy of income bracket responses in the CPS ASEC by comparing these responses to linked IRS W-2 records.


Working Paper
Bridging Differences in the Measurement of Poverty
This paper examines how implementing the redesigned CPS ASEC processing system affects poverty rates in 2016, decomposing changes by demographic & income edits.


Working Paper
Changes to Income Processing in the CPS ASEC
This presentation compares 2016 income estimates using the 2017 CPS ASEC Production and Research Files.


Working Paper
Impact on the Supplemental Poverty Measure: 2016
This presentation compares supplemental poverty estimates from the 2017 CPS ASEC production and research files.


Working Paper
Multidimensional Inequality


Working Paper
The Link Between Socioeconomic Factors and Parental Mortality
In this paper, we use Wave 1 of the 2014 SIPP panel to evaluate whether linkages exist between socioeconomic factors and the timing of parental loss.

Page Last Revised - June 13, 2023
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