JUNE 27, 2024 – Between 2022 and 2023, the Hispanic population accounted for just under 71% of the overall growth of the United States population, driven primarily by Hispanic births, according to newly released Vintage 2023 Population Estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau. Hispanics of any race grew to  just over 65 million, an increase of 1.16 million (1.8%) from the prior year. This growth significantly contributed to the nation's total population gain of 1.64 million in 2023.

“The Hispanic population is expanding at a substantially faster rate than the non-Hispanic population, primarily due to natural increase, that is, more births than deaths,” said Kristie Wilder, a demographer in the Census Bureau's Population Division. “The annual increase of 1.8% was in sharp contrast to the 0.2%  increase in the non-Hispanic population, whose growth was tempered by a decline among non-Hispanic Whites, the largest demographic within the non-Hispanic category and the only one to experience a population loss.”

The slow growth within the total non-Hispanic population reflects a slight decline in the non-Hispanic White population. At 195 million people, the non-Hispanic White population had the largest share (58%) of the nation’s total population in 2023, even though it slid 0.2% (461,612) from the previous year. With nearly 630,000 more deaths than births, natural decrease was the main contributor to the non-Hispanic White population decline. Conversely, the other non-Hispanic race groups experienced population growth in 2023: Two or More Races, 2.4%; Asian, 2.3%; Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 1.7%; Black, 0.6%; and American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.3%. 

Twenty-seven of the 43 states where the total population increased between 2022 to 2023 experienced more growth  in the Hispanic population relative to the non-Hispanic. In 13 of those 27 states (Alaska, Connecticut, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Rhode Island and Vermont), the non-Hispanic population declined while the number of Hispanic residents increased.

Between 2022 and 2023, 73% of U.S. metro areas (282 out of 387) experienced population growth, with the majority of the those metro areas experiencing more growth among Hispanic residents than non-Hispanic. Among metro areas with populations of 1 million or more that experienced growth during this period, 11 of them grew due to increases in the Hispanic population offsetting declines in the non-Hispanic population.

Among the nation's 3,144 counties, 59% (1,864) had populations that grew from 2022 to 2023; of these, 38% (716 counties) gained more Hispanic than non-Hispanic people. The five largest counties where total population increased due to Hispanic population growth (offsetting non-Hispanic population declines) were: Broward County, Florida; Dallas County, Texas; Miami-Dade County, Florida; Riverside County, California; and San Bernardino County, California.

• In 2023, the U.S. median age increased by 0.2 to 39.1; the male median age was 38.0 and the female median age, 40.2.
• Eighteen states had a median age over 40 in 2023. Maine had the highest (44.8), followed by New Hampshire (43.4). The lowest median ages were in: Utah (32.3), the District of Columbia (34.9) and Texas (35.7).
• Among metropolitan statistical areas, Wildwood-The Villages, FL, had the highest median age (68.0) and Provo-Orem-Lehi, UT, the lowest (26.1) in 2023.
• The median age across all counties ranged between 20.9 and 68.0. There were 2,341 counties with a median age at or above the nation's and 803 counties with a median age below it. The median age increased in 60% of U.S. counties from 2022 to 2023.
• In 2023, females made up 51% of the U.S. population.
• Sixteen states were majority male in 2023, led by Alaska (52.5%) and North Dakota (51.3%).

Note: References to race and Hispanic origin compositions are for non-Hispanic race alone groups. Hispanic or Latino populations are of any race unless otherwise specified.

• The White population in the United States was 195,432,584 in 2023, representing a loss of -0.2% or -461,612 people between 2022 and 2023.
• In 2023, California had the nation’s largest White population (13,361,684), followed by Texas (12,088,544) and Florida (11,742,859). South Carolina had the fastest-growing White population, up 1.6% (54,695) from 2022.
• Among counties, Los Angeles County, California, had the largest White population at 2,442,113, down almost 38,000 from 2022. Horry County, South Carolina, had the largest increase in the White population between 2022 and 2023: 3.8% or 11,107.
• Among counties with White populations above 10,000, Jasper County, South Carolina, (8.2%) had the fastest-growing White population between 2022 and 2023.
• At 8,562,449, New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ, had the largest White population of all U.S. metro areas in 2023, despite a decrease of -0.9% from 2022. Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN (4,632,734), and Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD (3,713,888), had the second and third largest White populations, respectively.
• Wildwood-The Villages, FL (4.3%), had the fastest-growing White population between 2022 and 2023 among U.S. metro areas with a White population of at least 10,000.
• The metro area with the largest-gaining White population between 2022 and 2023 was Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN, which added 16,858 people for a total White population of 1,463,208 in 2023.

• The Hispanic population surpassed 65 million people after having gained nearly 1.2 million residents since 2022, an increase of 1.8%, for a total population of 65,219,145.
• Among states, California (15,760,437), Texas (12,135,690), Florida (6,197,465) and New York (3,873,130) had the largest Hispanic populations.
• Texas (242,306), Florida (191,373) and California (83,036) had the largest numeric increases in Hispanics between 2022 and 2023, while New York (0.1%/-3,375) was the only state to experience a drop in that population.
• North Dakota had the fastest-growing Hispanic population, increasing by 6.7% or 2,400 residents.
• Los Angeles County had the largest Hispanic population (4,695,902) in 2023, followed by Harris County, Texas, at 2,130,515, and Miami-Dade County, Florida, at 1,857,682.
• Harris County, Texas, had the largest-gaining Hispanic population, which increased by 39,815 or 1.9% from 2022 to 2023.
• The fastest growth among counties with a Hispanic population above 10,000 was in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, where the Hispanic population increased by 13.0% or 1,424 people between 2022 and 2023.
• Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA, had the largest Hispanic population (5,768,957) among all U.S. metro areas in 2023. 
• Ocala, FL (9.3%), and Homosassa Springs, FL (9.3%), had the fastest-growing Hispanic population between 2022 and 2023 among U.S. metro areas with a Hispanic population of at least 10,000 in 2022 and 2023.
• Houston-Pasadena-The Woodlands, TX, had the largest gain in Hispanic residents among all U.S. metro areas between 2022 and 2023, adding 74,310 residents for a total Hispanic population of 2,878,417 in 2023.
• Among U.S. metro areas with a million or more people, Hispanic residents in 2023 made up at least 50% of the population in Fresno, CA (55.8%), San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX (54.8%), and Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA (53.7%). Pittsburgh, PA (2.4%), St. Louis, MO-IL (4.0%), and Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN (4.6%), had the lowest share in 2023. 

• The Black population of the United States totaled 42,313,088, up 0.6% from July 2022.
• Texas had the largest Black population (3,872,036) of all states in 2023, as well as the largest-gaining Black population, increasing by 90,976 (2.4%) from 2022 to 2023. Georgia has the nation’s second largest Black population (3,543,000). Maine had the fastest-growing Black population, which jumped 7.7% (2,020) from 2022 to approximately 28,000 in 2023.
• Cook County, Illinois (1,139,137), and Harris County, Texas (954,859), were the counties with the largest Black populations.
• Three Texas counties — Harris (15,775), Tarrant (10,628), and Fort Bend (8,976) — had the largest-gaining Black populations between 2022 and 2023.
• Among counties with Black populations above 10,000 in 2022 and 2023, Texas had the top three with the fastest-growing Black populations — Kaufman County (20.2%), Rockwall County (17.1%), and Johnson County (15.5%).
• With a total Black resident population of 3,074,702, New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ was the U.S. metro area with the largest Black population in 2023, despite also having the largest single-year loss in Black residents (-35,389).
• Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX, was the U.S. metro area with the largest-gaining Black population between 2022 and 2023, adding 36,995 Black residents for a total of 1,371,555 in 2023.
• Portland-South Portland, ME (7.8%), had the fastest-growing Black population between 2022 and 2023 among U.S. metro areas with a Black population of at least 10,000 in 2022 and 2023.

• In 2023, 7.4% of the U.S. population was Asian. The U.S. Asian population was 20,685,425 in 2023, an increase of 466,193 or 2.3% from 2022.
• In 2023, California was the state with the largest Asian population (6,169,085), followed by New York (1,860,677) and Texas (1,754,290).
• With an increase of 6.2% (1,855), Idaho had the fastest-growing Asian population in 2023. Texas had the largest-gaining Asian population, with an increase of 91,921.
• California was home to the top three counties with the largest Asian population in 2023: Los Angeles (1,486,649); Santa Clara (773,113) and Orange (725,781).
• Collin County, Texas, had the largest-gaining Asian population, adding 19,987 people.
• The fastest growth among counties with an Asian population above 10,000 in 2022 and 2023 were Pasco County, Florida (17.5%), and Williamson County, Texas (17.2%).
• New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ was the U.S. metro area with the most Asian residents (2,457,553) in 2023.
• Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX, was the U.S. metro area with the largest-gaining Asian population, adding 44,437 from 2022 to 2023 bringing its population to 692,382 in 2023.
• Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX (10.5%), had the fastest-growing Asian population between 2022 and 2023 among U.S. metro areas with an Asian population of at least 10,000 in 2022 and 2023.

• The Two or More Races population crossed 8 million people after gaining almost 195,000 residents since 2022, for a total population of 8,182,748, an increase of 2.4%.
• California (1,194,406), Texas (523,278) and Florida (423,543) had the largest Two or More Races populations.
• Texas (21,850), Florida (14,309) and California (12,446) had the largest numeric increases in the Two or More Races population between 2022 and 2023.
• South Carolina had the fastest-growing Two or More Races population, which increased by 4.5% or 4,592 residents.
• In 2023, Los Angeles County, CA, had the largest Two or More Races population (229,771), followed by Honolulu County, HI, with 191,141, and San Diego County, California, with 122,308.
• Harris County, Texas, had the largest-gaining Two or More Races population, which increased by 2,724 or 3.8 % in 2023.
• The fastest growth among counties with a Two or More Races population above 10,000 in 2022 and 2023 was in Montgomery County, Texas, where the Two or More Races population increased by 9.7 % or 1,124 people.
• With a total Two or More Races resident population of 338,197, New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ, was the U.S. metro area with the largest Two or More Races population in 2023.
• Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX, was the U.S. metro area with the largest-gaining Two or More Races population, adding 7,014 for a total population of 164,907 in 2023.
• From 2022 to 2023, Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL, had the fastest-growing (6.7%) Two or More Races population among U.S. metro areas with a Two or More Races population of at least 10,000 in 2022 and 2023.

• The American Indian and Alaska Native population reached 2,432,721 between July 2022 and July 2023, an increase of 8,227 or 0.3%.
• Oklahoma was the state with the largest American Indian and Alaska Native population (332,289), followed by Arizona (279,968) and New Mexico (191,053).
• Oklahoma also had the largest-gaining American Indian and Alaska Native population, which increased by 1,755, while Hawaii had the fastest-growing American Indian and Alaska Native population, up 3.5% (108) from 2022 to 2023.
• Among counties, Maricopa in Arizona had the largest American Indian and Alaska Native population (78,802). It was also the nation’s largest-gaining county for the group, adding 1,328 people.
• Of counties with American Indian and Alaska Native populations above 10,000, Maricopa (1.7%) had the fastest-growing population from 2022 to 2023.
• At 98,228, Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ, was the U.S. metro area with the largest American Indian and Alaska Native population in 2023. This was also the largest-gaining population within this race category, as the American Indian and Alaska Native population increased by 1,533 between 2022 and 2023. The second and third largest American Indian and Alaska Native populations among all U.S. metro areas in 2023 were in Tulsa, OK (83,501), and Oklahoma City, OK (56,342), respectively.
• Rapid City, SD (2.2%), had the fastest-growing American Indian and Alaska Native population between 2022 and 2023 among U.S. metro areas with an American Indian and Alaska Native population of at least 10,000.

• The Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population rose to 649,184, an increase of 1.7% or 11,149 people between 2022 and 2023.
• California had the largest Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population (146,588), followed by Hawaii (137,703) and Washington (60,940).
• North Dakota had the fastest-growing Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population, increasing by 26.9% from 780 to 990 between 2022 to 2023 — while Washington had the largest gaining, increasing by 1,908.
• Among counties, Honolulu County, Hawaii, had the largest Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population, with 91,351 residents, followed by Hawaii County, Hawaii (24,390), and Los Angeles County, California (21,531).
• Pierce County, Washington, had the largest-gaining population (450) among this race category between 2022 and 2023, for a total population of 16,624.
• Pierce County was also the fastest growing among counties with 10,000 or more Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander residents; its population increased by 2.8%, followed by King County, Washington, whose population jumped by 2.5% (449).
• Urban Honolulu, HI, had the largest Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population (91,351) of all U.S. metro areas in 2023. 
• Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR (4.6%), had the fastest-growing Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population between 2022 and 2023 among U.S. metro areas with a Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population of at least 10,000.
• Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA, was the U.S. metro area with the largest gain in Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander residents between 2022 and 2023; it added 982 residents bringing its total Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander population to 40,499.

• The median age in Puerto Rico increased from 44.9 in 2022 to 45.2 in 2023 — 8.2 years higher than it was in 2010.
• All municipios experienced an increase in median age except Mayagüez, where the median age dropped from 43.0 to 42.9.
• Rincón had the highest median age at 50.9, up from 50.3 the previous year.
• Naguabo was Puerto Rico’s youngest municipio, with a median age of 41.2.
• Loíza had the largest annual increase in median age, increasing by 0.7 from 44.1 in 2022 to 44.8 in 2023.
• In 2023, 52.8% of Puerto Rico's population was female.
• Vieques was the only majority-male (50.7%) municipio.
• All metro areas in Puerto Rico had a median age over 43. Mayagüez had the highest median age (46.5) and Guayama had the lowest (43.9).

This is the last release of the Vintage 2023 Population Estimates. The Census Bureau previously released total population estimates for the nation, states and Puerto Rico Commonwealth; metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas; counties and Puerto Rico municipios; and incorporated places and minor civil divisions. Components of population change and housing unit estimates for the nation, states and counties are also available on the Population and Housing Unit Estimates webpage.

This release includes some updates from the 2020 Census Count Question Resolution Operation (CQR) and the 2020 Post-Census Group Quarters Review Program (PCGQR), which have been incorporated into the April 1, 2020, estimates base. Changes to demographic characteristics resulting from PCGQR will be incorporated into subsequent vintages of estimates. CQR errata tables with original and corrected housing and population counts are available on the 2020 Decennial Census Notes and Errata webpage. All updates from the 2020 PCGQR are expected to be incorporated in the Vintage 2024 Population Estimates set to be released starting December 2024.

On March 28, 2024, the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) issued updated standards for maintaining, collecting, and presenting race and ethnicity data across federal agencies. The Census Bureau is currently developing an action plan to implement these new standards. We will keep the public informed about our progress but note that these Vintage 2023 estimates do not reflect the updated standards.

The full release schedule for the Population Estimates Program can be found on the Census Bureau’s website.

With each new release of annual estimates, the entire time series of estimates is revised for all years back to the date of the last census. All previously published (vintage) estimates are superseded and archived on the FTP2 site.