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Re-Evaluating Medicaid Reporting in the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement: Evidence from Linked Enrollment Records

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Working Paper Number: SEHSD-FY2025-02

Medicaid underreporting has been well documented in household surveys, including the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS ASEC). Previous research shows that estimates of Medicaid coverage from the CPS ASEC are lower than statistics produced from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) administrative records (Call et al. 2008; Card et al. 2004; Davern et al. 2008; Davern et al. 2009; Hess, et al. 2001; Klerman et al. 2005; Klerman et al. 2009; Lewis et al. 1998; Noon, et al. 2019; Pascale, et al. 2009). The redesign of the CPS ASEC questionnaire, together with recent updates to the CPS ASEC processing system and imputation methods, aimed to improve the quality of health insurance coverage estimates overall, including an increase in correct reports of Medicaid coverage. In this paper, we linked Medicaid enrollment records from 2016 to the 2017 CPS ASEC file to document changes to rates of Medicaid coverage after the CPS ASEC redesign, and to document improvements to the capture of Medicaid coverage.

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Page Last Revised - March 24, 2025
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