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How Do Health Insurance Costs Affect Firm Labor Composition and Technology Investment?

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How Do Health Insurance Costs Affect Firm Labor Composition and Technology Investment?

Written by:
Working Paper Number CES-23-47

Abstract

CES_working_paper_series
Download How Do Health Insurance Costs Affect Firm Labor Composition and Technology Investment? [PDF - > 1MB]

Employer-sponsored health insurance is a significant component of labor costs. We examine the causal effect of health insurance premiums on firms’ employment, both in terms of quantity and composition, and their technology investment decisions. To address endogeneity concerns, we instrument for insurance premiums using idiosyncratic variation in insurers’ recent losses, which is plausibly exogenous to their customers who are employers. Using Census microdata, we show that following an increase in premiums, firms reduce employment. Relative to higher-income coworkers, lower-income workers see a larger increase in their likelihood of being separated from their jobs and becoming unemployed. Firms also invest more in information technology, potentially to substitute labor.

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Page Last Revised - September 26, 2023
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