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The American Housing Survey (AHS) collects data on 26 neighborhood quality and amenity questions. These survey questions are primarily intended to appraise the condition and value of the respondent's neighborhood. For example, the AHS asks respondents "Are any railroads, airports, or highways with at least 4 lanes within a half block of your home?" and "Is your public elementary school within one mile of your home?" We used administrative shapefiles from sources such as the U.S. Geological Survey, National Center for Education Statistics, and Environmental Protection Agency in conjunction with the coordinates of the units in the AHS sample to determine the impact of replacing these survey responses with data obtained through Geographic Information Systems (GIS). We individually analyzed three questions along with the effectiveness and availability of each administrative source. These questions asked whether the respondent was within one mile of their public elementary school, 300 feet of the nearest body of water, and 300 feet of the nearest airport, four lane highway, or railroad. For public elementary schools, we found 80.2% of respondent answers agreed with the GIS measurements with a kappa coefficient of “moderate” agreement at 0.56. For bodies of water, the percent agreement was 82.3% with a kappa coefficient at 0.23 or “fair” agreement. Finally, for airports, four lane highways, and railroads, we found 82.5% agreement with a 0.22 kappa coefficient showing “fair” agreement.
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