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Panel surveys generally suffer to some extent from seam bias, the tendency for estimates of change measured across the “seam” between two successive survey administrations to far exceed change estimates measured within a single interview. Seam bias strikes at a core utility of retrospective panel surveys, because it means that reports of the start and end dates of spells of important characteristics (e.g., program receipt, health insurance coverage, etc.) are likely to contain substantial measurement error. Much research has documented the existence of seam bias; attempts to reduce it, however, have generally met with only limited practical success.
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