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Measuring the Effect of Benefits and Taxes on Income and Poverty: 1989

Report Number P60-169-RD

Abstract

This report gives detailed data on persons, families, and households by income and poverty levels by age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, education, work experience, and program participation status. This report brings together benefit and tax data that previously appeared in separate publications.

For the first time, data are based on experimental techniques that allocate income values to noncash benefits, such as Medicare and Medicaid coverage, school lunches, food stamps, rent subsidies, employer contributions to health insurance plans, and the imputed income flow acquired from home equity.

The report presents data on the characteristics of income distribution measures by definition of income (before and after taxes, cash and noncash transfers, and capital gains) and cross classifies the income information for all households; those with White, Black, and Hispanic origin householders; related children under 18 years and those under 6 years; and households with members 65 and 75 years and older. Data also are given for married-couple householders with related children under 18 years and under 6 years; married-couple households with White, Black, and Hispanic origin householders; those with children under 18 years and under 6 years; and households with a female householder, no husband present.

The report provides data by selected characteristics and definitions of income, for persons, families, and unrelated individuals in poverty. It also contains data on the mean income deficit for families and unrelated individuals in poverty.

The report includes tables that show income of households from specified sources, such as food stamps, housing assistance, and free or reduced-price school lunches, for all households and those households with householder living in poverty.

A Note on Language

Census statistics date back to 1790 and reflect the growth and change of the United States. Past census reports contain some terms that today’s readers may consider obsolete and inappropriate. As part of our goal to be open and transparent with the public, we are improving access to all Census Bureau original publications and statistics, which serve as a guide to the nation's history.

Page Last Revised - October 8, 2021
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