This report describes alternative procedures for valuing non-cash benefits received by the low-income population and estimates the effect of these benefits on the size and composition of the poverty population in 1984. The report updates the estimates for 1979 to 1983 presented in Technical Paper 52 (issued in August 1984), using identical methods to value noncash benefits. Each of these methods is subject to many conceptual and measurement problems. In addition, there is as yet no consensus concerning the relative merits of various methods of valuing noncash benefits; therefore, all the work in this report should be viewed as exploratory in nature.