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1870 Census: A Compendium of the Ninth Census (June 1, 1870)

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1870 Census: A Compendium of the Ninth Census (June 1, 1870)

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Download Title page, Table of Contents, Report of the Superintendent [PDF - 8.3 MB]

A Compendium of the Ninth Census (June 1, 1870) compiled persuant to a concurrent resolution of Congress and under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior, by Francis A. Walker, Superintendent of Census.

Includes statistics of population by race, nativity, and nationality; school attendance and illiteracy; schools, libraries, newspapers, and churches; pauperism and crime; areas, families and dwellings; sex, and school, military and citizenship ages; occupations; the blind, deaf and dumb, insane, and idiotic; wealth, taxation, and public indebtedness; and agriculture, manufactures, mining and fishing.

Document Sections

pdf Title page, Table of Contents, Report of the Superintendent [8.3 MB]

Population, With Race

pdf Table I. Aggregate Population, by States and Territories, at each Census<br>Table II. White Population, in like manner<br>Table III. Colored Population, in like manner<br>Table IV. Free Colored Population, in like manner<br>Table V. Slave Population, in like manner<br>Table VI. Chinese, Japanese, and Civilized Indian Population, in like manner<br>Table VII. True (as distinguished from Constitutional) Population, by States and Territories, 1870 [12.0 MB]
pdf Table VIII. Population, by Counties, at each Census, 1870-1790 (Alabama through Indiana) [7.9 MB]
pdf Table VIII. Population, by Counties, at each Census, 1870-1790 (Iowa through Mississippi) [2.3 MB]
pdf Table VIII. Population, by Counties, at each Census, 1870-1790 (Missouri through Rhode Island) [2.4 MB]
pdf Table VIII. Population, by Counties, at each Census, 1870-1790 (South Carolina through Territory of Wyoming) [2.4 MB]

      Table IX. Population of Minor Civil Divisions, with General Nativity and Race, 1870

pdf Alabama through California [2.5 MB]
pdf Connecticut through Illinois to Bond County [2.3 MB]
pdf Illinois remainding counties through Indiana to Morgan County [2.6 MB]
pdf Indiana remainding counties through Kentucky to Daviess County, first part [2.7 MB]
pdf Kentucky remainding counties through Michigan to Cass County [3.0 MB]
pdf Michigan remainding counties through Missouri [3.4 MB]
pdf Territory of Montana through North Carolina to Alleghany County [3.5 MB]
pdf North Carolina remainding counties through Ohio to Wayne County [3.2 MB]
pdf Ohio remainding counties through Pennsylvania [2.5 MB]
pdf Rhode Island through Texas [3.0 MB]
pdf Territory of Utah through Territory of Wyoming [3.1 MB]

Nativity and Nationality

pdf Table X. Population, as Native, Foreign-born, and of Foreign Parentage, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XI. Native Population, distributed according to State (or Territory) of Birth, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XII. Native White Population, in like manner<br>Table XIII. Native Colored Population, in like manner [1.7 MB]
pdf Table XIV. Foreign-born Population, distributed according to Place of Birth among the Principal Foreign Countries, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XV. German Population, distributed according to Place of Birth among the Principal States and Free Cities of Germany, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XVI. British-European Population, distributed according to Place of Birth, as English, Irish, Scotch, and Welsh, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XVIII. British-American Population, distributed according to Place of Birth among the Principal Geographical Divisions of British America, by States and Territories, 1870 [<1.0 MB]
pdf Table XVIII. Native and Foreign-born Population, distributed according to Place of Birth among Certain Specified States of the United States and Foreign Countries, by Counties, in each State and Territory, 1870 [5.1 MB]
pdf Table XIX. Native Population of Fifty Principal Cities, distributed according to State (or Territory) of Birth, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XX. Foreign-born Population of Fifty Principal Cities, distributed according to Place of Birth among the Principal Foreign Countries, by States and Territories, 1870 [<1.0 MB]

School Attendance and Illiteracy

pdf Table XXI. School Attendance and School Ages, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XXII. School Attendance and School Ages, by States and Territories, 1860<br>Table XXIII. School Attendance and School Ages, by States and Territories, 1850<br>Table XXIV. Illiteracy, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XXV. Illiteracy, by States and Territories, 1860<br>Table XXVI. Illiteracy, by States and Territories, 1850<br>Table XXVII. School Attendance and Illiteracy (with Population) of Fifty Principal Cities, 1870 [3.6 MB]

Schools, Libraries, Newspapers, and Churches

pdf Table XXVIII. Schools, All Classes, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XXIX. Schools, Public, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XXX. Schools, Not Public, Classical, Professional, and Technical, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XXXI. Schools, Not Public, other than Classical, Professional, and Technical, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XXXII. Schools, All Classes, by States and Territories, 1860<br>Table XXXIII. Schools, All Classes, by States and Territories, 1850<br>Table XXXIV. Schools, by Classes and Kinds, in each State and Territory, 1870 [2.2 MB]
pdf Table XXXV. Libraries in the United States, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XXXVI. Libraries, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XXXVII. Newspapers in the United States, by Periods of Issues, 1870<br>Table XXXVIII. Newspapers in the United States, by Classes, 1870<br>Table XXXIX. Newspapers of all Classes, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XL. Churches in the United States, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XLI. Churches of All Denominations, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XLII. Churches, Fifteen Selected Denominations, by States and Territories, 1870 [2.8 MB]

Pauperism and Crime

pdf Table XLIII. Pauperism and Crime, with Population, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XLIV. Pauperism and Crime, with Population, by States and Territories, 1860<br>Table XLV. Pauperism and Crime, with Population, by States and Territories, 1850 [1.1 MB]

Areas, Families, and Dwellings

pdf Table XLVI. Areas, Famlies, and Dwellings, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XLVII. Families and Dwellings in Fifty Principal Cities, 1870 [<1.0 MB]

Sex, and School, Military, and Citizenship Ages

pdf Table XLVIII. Sex of the Aggregate Population, with General Nativity, 1870<br>Table XLIX. Sex of the White Population, with General Nativity, 1870<br>Table L. Sex of the Total Colored Population, with General Nativity, 1870<br>Table LI. Sex of the Blacks, with General Nativity, 1870<br>Table LII. Sex of the Mulattoes, with General Nativity, 1870<br>Table LIII. Sex of the Chinese Population, with General Nativity, 1870<br>Table LIV. Sex of the Civilized Indian Population, with General Nativity, 1870<br>Table LV. The Natural Militia, with the Total Male Population, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LVI. Citizenship with the Total Male Population, by States and Territories, 1870 [<1.0 MB]
pdf Table LVII. School, Military, and Citizenship Ages, with Sex, for the School Ages, and for All Ages, by Counties, 1870 [4.1 MB]

Occupations

pdf Table LVIII. Occupations: Number and Sex of Persons engaged in each Class, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LIX. Occupations: Periods of Life of Persons engage in each Class, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LX. Occupations, Nationality (Selected) of Persons engaged in all Classes, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LXI. Occupations, Nationality (Selected) of Persons engaged in Agriculture, in like manner<br>Table LXII. Occupations: Nationality (Selected) of Persons engaged in Personal and Professional Services, in like manner<br>Table LXIII. Occupations: Nationality (Selected) of Persons engaged in Trade and Transportation, in like manner<br>Table LXIV. Occupations: Nationality (Selected) of Persons engaged in Manufacturing, Mechanical, and Mining Industries, in like manner<br>Table LXV. Occupations: The United States--By Classes, and severally, with Periods of Life and Nationality (Selected) by Persons occupied, 1870 [2.9 MB]
pdf Table LXVI. Occupations, Fifty Cities—Period of Life of Persons engaged in each Class, 1870<br>Table LXVII. Occupations: Fifty Cities—Nationality (Selected) of Persons engaged in all Clases, 1870<br>Table LXVIII. Occupations: Fifty Cities—Nationality (Selected) of Persons engaged in Agriculture, 1870<br>Table LXIX. Occupations: Fifty Cities—Nationality (Selected) of Persons engaged in Personal and Professional Services, 1870<br>Table LXX. Occupations: Fifty Cities—Nationality (Selected) of Personal engaged in Trade and Transportation, 1870<br>Table LXXI. Occupations: Fifty Cities—Nationality (Selected) of Persons engaged in Manufacturing, Mechanical, and Mining Industries, 1870 [<1.0 MB]

The Blind, Deaf and Dumb, Insane, and Idiotic

pdf Table LXXII. The Blind, with Race and Sex, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LXXIII. The Blind, with Nativity, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LXXIV. The Deaf and Dumb, with Race and Sex, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LXXV. The Deaf and Dumb, with Race and Sex, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LXXVI. The Insane, with Race and Sex, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LXXVII. The Insane, with Nativity, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LXXVIII. The Idiotic, with Race and Sex, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table LXXIX. The Idiotic, with Nativity, by States and Territories, 1870 [<1.0 MB]

Wealth, Taxation, and Public Indebtedness

pdf Table LXXX. Valuation of Property, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table LXXXI. Taxation, by States and Territories, 1870-1860<br>Table LXXXII. Public Indebtedness, by States and Territories, 1870 [<1.0 MB]
pdf Table LXXXIII. Valuation, Taxation, and Public Indebtedness, by Counties, in each State and Territory, 1870 [4.9 MB]

Agriculture

pdf Table LXXXIV. Farms: Their number and Acreage, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table LXXXV. Value of Farms, Farming Implements, and Machinery, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table LXXXVI. Value of Farm Productions and Wages, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table LXXXVII. Principal Cereal Proudctions, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table LXXXVIII. Principal Fibrous Productions, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table LXXXIX. Hay, Hops, Rice, and Tobacco, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XC. Sugar and Molasses, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XCI. Potatoes, Peas adn Beans, Beeswax, Honey, and Domestic Wines, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XCII. Clover, Grass, and Flax Seed, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XCIII. Live Stock on Farms, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850<br>Table XCIV. Dairy Products, by States and Territories, 1870-1860-1850 [2.7 MB]

      Table XCV. Selected Statistics of Agriculture, by Counties, in each State and Territory, 1870

pdf Alabama through Iowa [2.7 MB]
pdf Kansas through Missouri [2.4 MB]
pdf Nebraska through Rhode Island [1.9 MB]
pdf South Carolina through Wisconsin [2.0 MB]

Manufactures, Mining, and Fisheries

pdf Table XCVI. Manufactures, by Totals of States and Territories, 1870<br>Table XCVII. Manufactures, by Totals of States and Territories, 1860<br>Table XCVIII. Manufactures, by Totals of States and Territories, 1850<br>Table XCIX. Manufactures, by Specified Industries, in the United States, 1870 [1.9 MB]

      Table C. Manufactures, by Totals of Counties, in each State and Territory, 1870

pdf Alabama through Missouri [2.4 MB]
pdf Nebraska through Territory of Wyoming [1.8 MB]
pdf Table CI. Manufactures, in each State and Territory, by Selected Industries, 1870 [3.2 MB]
pdf Table CII. Manufactures: Principal Industries, (Groups,) by States and Territories, 1870 [1.5 MB]
pdf Table CIII. Manufactures: Special Statistics for Principal Industries, by States and Territories, 1870 (Agricultural Implements through Iron) [2.8 MB]
pdf Table CIII. Manufactures: Special Statistics for Principal Industries, by States and Territories, 1870 (Lead through Worsted Goods) [2.5 MB]
pdf Table CIV. Mining, including Quarrying of Stone, Slate, and Marble, Boring for Mineral Oil, and Cutting of Peat, by States and Territories, 1870<br>Table CV. Fisheries (excepting the Whale Fishery), by States and Territories, 1870 [<1.0 MB]

Download Full Report

zip Download All Sections [126.0 MB]

A Note on Language

Census statistics date back to 1790 and reflect the growth and change of the United States. Past census reports contain some terms that today’s readers may consider obsolete and inappropriate. As part of our goal to be open and transparent with the public, we are improving access to all Census Bureau original publications and statistics, which serve as a guide to the nation's history.

Related Information

1870 Decennial Census Publications
Page Last Revised - December 16, 2021
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