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Evidence Building Working Papers

The Census Bureau seeks to be the federal leader in the collection and secure provisioning of data for evidence building and evaluation. Through this on-going series, the results of evidence-building and program evaluation focused work from across the Census Bureau are released through reports and working papers as part of the Bureau's efforts to be fully transparent in how Title-13 protected data are used. This research is consistent with the vision and mission of the Census Bureau, the provisions of the Foundations of Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018, and in support of the Presidential Memorandum on Restoring Trust in Government Through Scientific Integrity and Evidence-Based Policymaking.


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Working Paper
Trade Liberalization and Labor-Market Outcomes: Evidence from U.S. Matched Employer-Employee Data
This paper examines earnings and employment outcomes among workers initially employed within and outside manufacturing after trade liberalization with China.


Working Paper
The Radius of Economic Opportunity: Evidence from Migration and Local Labor Markets
Most young adults don’t move far from home. 80% live within 100 miles of where they grew up. The prospect of better pay has limited impact on moving decisions.


Working Paper
Diversity and Labor Market Outcomes in the Economics Profession
We study placements and earnings of PhD economists by gender and race using the Survey of Earned Doctorates and Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics data.


Working Paper
The Impact of Household Surveys on 2020 Census Self-Response
Households who were recently sampled in the American Community Survey or the Current Population Survey had a lower self-response rate to the 2020 Census.


Working Paper
There is Such Thing as a Free Lunch: School Meals, Stigma, and Student Discipline
We analyze the effects of universal free lunch provision on K-12 suspension rates, and find pronounced reductions for low-income and Hispanic students.


Working Paper
Agglomeration Spillovers and Persistence: New Evidence from Large Plan
Highly incentivized new plant openings do not generally generate productivity spillovers but are associated with positive increases in manufacturing shares.


Working Paper
Age, Sex, and Racial/Ethnic Disparities and Temporal-Spatial Variation in Excess All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Linked Administrative and Census Bureau Data
We detail excess all-cause mortality in the first year of the pandemic and its implications for entrenched racial/ethnic mortality disparities in the U.S.


Working Paper
The Impact of Manufacturing Credentials on Earnings and the Probability of Employment
We examine the association between industry credential attainment and improved labor market outcomes.


Working Paper
The Long Run Impacts of Court-Ordered Desegregation
We conduct a national assessment of the long-run impacts of court-ordered desegregation.


Working Paper
Employer Concentration and Labor Force Participation
We study the association between employer concentration and LFP and employment. LFP (employment) is strongly (weakly) negatively correlated with concentration.


Working Paper
Mortality in a Multi-State Cohort of Former State Prisoners, 2010-2015
This paper explores differences in post-prison mortality by race/Hispanic origin, other demographic characteristics, and custodial/criminal history.


Working Paper
Can Displaced Labor Be Retrained? Evidence from Quasi-Random Assignment to Trade Adjustment Assistance
This project uses an examiner design to study returns of Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA)—social insurance that couples retraining incentives with extended UI.


Working Paper
Capital Investment and Labor Demand
We show that reductions in the cost of capital, which were induced by Bonus Depreciation policies, led plants to increase levels of both capital and labor.


Working Paper
Neighborhood Income and Material Hardship in the United States
We examine relationships between neighborhood income and hardship, with household characteristics mediating the relationship for 5 of the 7 hardships examined.

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Page Last Revised - February 26, 2024
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