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Agency History
Learn more about our facilities, our innovations, and the who played a role in shaping the U.S. Census Bureau.
Census Records & Family History
The United States has collected data about its population since 1790 and continues to collect data every 10 years. Learn how to find previous census records.
Historical Censuses & Surveys
Learn how the census expanded over time from a simple headcount in 1790, to over 200 different surveys today.
Galleries & Archives
View publications, maps, and more that provide information about the history of the Census Bureau and its programs.

Legislation 1989 - Present

An Act of August 16, 1989 (P.L. 101-86)

Cancels penalties on federal or military pension recipients for persons hired as temporary enumerators for the 1990 decennial census for six months or less of employment.

Dire Emergency Supplemental Appropriation Act of 1990

Provides an additional $110,000,000 dollars as a contingency reserve to pay for a larger-than-expected non response follow up operation during the 1990 enumeration.

An Act to Amend Public Law 101-86 (May 17, 1990) (P.L. 101-293)

Removes the six-month limit on the cancellation of penalties for federal or military pension recipients employed as temporary workers for the 1990 decennial census.

Deceptive Mailings Prevention Act of 1990 (November 6, 1990) (P.L. 101-524)

Makes it illegal for a non-government direct mailing to imitate a government document (such as a census form).

Decennial Census Improvement Act of 1991 (October 24, 1991) (P.L. 102-135)

Authorizes the secretary of commerce to contract with the National Academy of Sciences to study ways to achieve the most accurate population count possible and collect other demographic and housing data.

Census Address List Improvement Act (October 31, 1994) (P.L. 103-430)

Authorizes the Census Bureau to share its address files with state and local governments to develop complete and accurate address lists to be used in carrying out censuses and surveys. Bans participating local governments from using information provided by the Census Bureau for any other activities and subjects locally appointed census liaisons to the confidentiality requirements and wrongful disclosure penalties of Title 13.

The law also requires the U.S. Postal Service to provide any address-related information to the Census Bureau that is appropriate for use in any census or survey conducted by the agency.

Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 (November 26, 1997) (P.L. 105-119)

Title 2 of the law includes the appropriation for the Department of Commerce for fiscal year 1998. Section 209 of title 2 contains the language reflecting the compromise reached between the Clinton administration and the congressional leadership in the debate over the use of statistical sampling in the 2000 census. The legislation, among other things, permitted the Census Bureau to continue to plan for sampling, while directing the agency to plan for a census without statistical sampling, as well. This was later referred to as "dual track" planning.

The legislation, in section 210 of title 2, also sets up an eight-member "Census Monitoring Board" to observe and monitor all aspects of the planning and implementation of the 2000 census.

Signing Statement by President Clinton for P.L. 105-119

President Clinton's statement regarding legislation that provided more than $31 billion in discretionary budget authority for vital law enforcement, international affairs, economic development, and environmental programs. The statement also addresses funding the decennial census in 2000 and use of statistical sampling.

Confidential Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2002 (December 17, 2002) (P.L. 107-347)

Enhances the management and promotion of electronic government services and processes by establishing a federal Chief Information Officer within the Office of Management and Budget, and by establishing a broad framework of measures that require using Internet-based information technology to enhance citizen access to government information and services, and for other purposes.

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Page Last Revised - August 14, 2024
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