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Agency History
Learn more about our facilities, our innovations, and the who played a role in shaping the U.S. Census Bureau.
Census Records & Family History
The United States has collected data about its population since 1790 and continues to collect data every 10 years. Learn how to find previous census records.
Historical Censuses & Surveys
Learn how the census expanded over time from a simple headcount in 1790, to over 200 different surveys today.
Galleries & Archives
View publications, maps, and more that provide information about the history of the Census Bureau and its programs.

Demographic Surveys History

Over the decades, the reach of the census spread to new states and areas under U.S. sovereignty or jurisdiction. Census officials, even when they led temporary offices, have constantly sought to increase both the amount and the diversity of information they collected about the people of the United States. From mortality to home ownership, statistics have given Americans a better idea of the demographic profile of the United States. Click on the link below for more information on the decennial census:

The development and implementation of statistical sampling techniques for the 1940 census gave birth to several mid-decade demographic surveys at the U.S. Census Bureau. These surveys give businesses, policy planners, and the public the opportunity to use updated national and state- or local-level (depending on sample size) statistics for relatively little cost or difficulty. Some of these surveys include:

Page Last Revised - August 14, 2024
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